30 / 20 / 25 / 25:新增策略研究

股票30% · 中期国债20% · 黄金25% · 可调整资产25%|2007-05-30—2026-11-03|历史研究,不是交易指令

本轮得到的结论

新配置的固定公用事业版本历史年化约8.70%,最大回撤约27.34%;按月轮换并根据近期风险给非股票资产加杠杆,年化约7.98%,最大回撤约27.87%。本轮主方案没有达到10%。这些结果不证明公用事业未来最佳,也不证明主题判断无效;本轮检验的是明确的价格轮换规则。

低波动并不代表适合借钱持有。中债IEF的1倍年化约3.12%,2倍后约2.56%;短债SHY由约1.80%降至约0.43%。黄金加杠杆在本段历史提高收益,但1.5倍和2倍单资产最大回撤分别约63%和76%,不能归为低风险增强。

已有 115 个成果文件原样保留并通过前后SHA256校验。另有既有报告和代码备份ZIP;原始年度再平衡永久组合未覆盖。本报告另存为新策略版本。

如何理解资金比例和杠杆

30/20/25/25按自有资金分配。若只给20%的中债加到2倍,则敞口为股票30%、中债40%、黄金25%、变动25%,总敞口120%,借款20%。这不是把120%的敞口重新归一为100%。股票和股权型行业资产在每次调仓的杠杆倍数始终为1,但账户抵押品和亏损仍共享,不能称股票部分与借款风险隔离。

当变动部分持有XLU、VNQ或IGF时,股权类目标合计55%;持有DBC或BIL时为30%。实际比例会随涨跌漂移。XLU是广义公用事业,不是纯AI电力主题;VNQ和IGF也仍有股权风险。中债缩短了期限,但并不保证收益高于长债。

所有主方案:固定对照与动态轮换

方案起点复合年化最大回撤年化波动最差滚动10年年化累计利息/美元
原始永久组合,每月再平衡2007-05-306.69%-17.51%7.44%3.34%0
新比例,变动25%固定短债2007-05-307.01%-18.56%7.54%3.82%0
新比例,变动25%固定公用事业2007-05-308.70%-27.34%10.87%6.25%0
新比例,变动25%固定地产2007-05-308.39%-35.32%13.14%5.42%0
新比例,变动25%固定广义商品2007-05-307.50%-31.04%10.68%2.87%0
新比例,变动25%固定基础设施2007-12-127.80%-31.38%11.51%5.03%0
IGF同日起点原始组合2007-12-126.43%-17.51%7.45%3.34%0
新比例,按月轮换,不加杠杆2007-05-307.80%-28.17%10.25%5.03%0
新比例,按月轮换,仅中债2倍2007-05-307.80%-27.87%10.37%4.67%28,867
新比例,按月轮换,非股票动态杠杆2007-05-307.98%-27.87%10.32%4.87%22,532
新比例,每日检查轮换,动态杠杆2007-05-307.82%-25.55%10.13%4.90%22,454
固定公用事业,仅中债2倍2007-05-308.69%-26.40%11.00%5.88%33,254
固定地产,仅中债2倍2007-05-308.39%-34.40%13.16%5.06%32,595

除IGF相关两项从2007-12-12开始外,其余主方案统一从2007-05-30开始。IGF必须与它的同日起点基准比较,不能直接以不同起点排名。固定持有公用事业等对照不是对当年投资者能够预知AI主题的假设。

新配置与轮换轨迹.png

单项资产收益与杠杆

下面的分资产杠杆诊断使用同样的融资和交易成本,每月调整倍数。选取中债、短债、黄金作透明对照,不根据全样本最小回撤挑选资产。单资产总敞口超过2.5倍时,下一交易日降至1倍,下一月才恢复目标倍数;2倍黄金结果因此是带保护规则的模拟,不是每日2倍ETF。

方案起点复合年化最大回撤年化波动最差滚动10年年化累计利息/美元
IEF-1x2007-05-303.12%-23.92%6.96%0.09%0
IEF-1.5x2007-05-302.90%-37.74%10.45%-2.03%53,171
IEF-2x2007-05-302.56%-49.40%13.95%-4.22%112,918
SHY-1x2007-05-301.80%-5.71%1.53%0.45%0
SHY-1.5x2007-05-301.12%-10.62%2.29%-0.46%35,747
SHY-2x2007-05-300.43%-16.08%3.06%-1.37%68,109
GLD-1x2007-05-309.22%-45.56%18.23%-1.05%0
GLD-1.5x2007-05-3011.06%-62.99%27.34%-3.48%104,434
GLD-2x2007-05-3011.33%-75.68%36.27%-6.40%227,020
杠杆收益与代价.png

下表分别列出全部通过质量门槛的 41 只美元上市基金。采用2007-05-30与各基金历史起点中较晚者;起点不同不能直接排名。含分配再投资,单只未杠杆描述统计不扣外部交易费。完整结果还保留各基金最早可用历史;原有杠杆/多资产基金的回报不是独立资产类别。

展开每只基金的年化、回撤与恢复时间
代码起点年化最大回撤波动峰值→谷底恢复
SPY2007-05-3010.55%-55.19%19.65%2007-10-09→2009-03-092012-08-16
QQQ2007-05-3015.68%-53.40%22.33%2007-10-31→2008-11-202010-12-08
VTI2007-05-3010.46%-55.45%19.84%2007-10-09→2009-03-092012-03-13
VT2008-06-268.66%-50.26%20.41%2008-06-26→2009-03-092010-12-29
VEA2007-07-265.04%-60.69%21.46%2007-10-31→2009-03-092014-05-27
VWO2007-05-304.03%-67.68%26.36%2007-10-31→2008-11-202017-09-11
TLT2007-05-302.80%-48.35%15.13%2020-08-04→2023-10-19截至期末未恢复
IEF2007-05-303.12%-23.92%6.96%2020-08-04→2023-10-19截至期末未恢复
SHY2007-05-301.81%-5.71%1.53%2021-08-02→2022-10-202024-06-03
BIL2007-05-301.37%-0.78%0.49%2008-09-29→2015-12-092017-12-08
SGOV2020-06-012.90%-0.30%0.29%2026-10-30→2026-11-02截至期末未恢复
TIP2007-05-303.35%-14.51%6.28%2021-11-09→2023-10-062026-02-27
GLD2007-05-309.22%-45.56%18.23%2011-08-22→2015-12-172020-07-29
IAU2007-05-309.36%-45.14%18.24%2011-08-22→2015-12-022020-07-27
DBC2007-05-302.38%-76.36%19.31%2008-07-02→2020-04-27截至期末未恢复
IBIT2024-01-1119.60%-53.30%48.56%2025-10-06→2026-06-30截至期末未恢复
ETHA2024-07-23-16.78%-67.91%69.16%2025-08-22→2026-06-25截至期末未恢复
QQQM2020-10-1315.70%-35.04%22.19%2021-11-19→2022-11-032023-12-12
IWF2007-05-3012.40%-51.28%20.72%2007-10-31→2009-03-092011-02-11
VUG2007-05-3012.50%-50.68%21.14%2007-10-31→2009-03-092011-02-08
IWM2007-05-307.84%-58.64%24.69%2007-07-13→2009-03-092011-02-08
ALLW2025-03-0611.79%-8.78%12.03%2025-04-02→2025-04-082025-06-02
RPAR2019-12-133.44%-30.16%12.55%2021-11-09→2022-10-202026-01-26
UPAR2022-01-04-2.17%-38.99%17.76%2022-01-12→2023-10-252026-02-23
NTSX2018-08-0212.18%-31.34%18.05%2021-12-27→2022-10-142024-06-12
RSSB2023-12-0516.64%-16.09%16.43%2024-12-06→2025-04-082025-05-16
RSST2023-09-0618.35%-30.80%23.60%2024-07-10→2025-04-082025-09-22
PDBC2014-11-074.62%-49.52%18.12%2014-11-07→2020-04-282021-10-14
COMT2014-10-164.37%-51.89%19.30%2014-10-29→2016-01-202022-02-14
GSG2007-05-30-0.69%-89.62%23.59%2008-07-02→2020-04-28截至期末未恢复
DBA2007-05-301.01%-67.97%16.45%2008-02-26→2020-06-26截至期末未恢复
DBB2007-05-300.94%-59.81%22.47%2008-03-05→2009-02-232022-03-03
DBO2007-05-300.99%-90.18%32.09%2008-07-14→2020-04-28截至期末未恢复
USO2007-05-30-4.48%-98.19%37.76%2008-07-14→2020-04-28截至期末未恢复
USL2007-12-060.96%-89.06%31.53%2008-07-11→2020-04-28截至期末未恢复
SLV2007-05-306.54%-76.28%33.27%2011-04-28→2020-03-182025-10-13
UNG2007-05-30-28.76%-99.89%49.17%2008-07-01→2026-11-02截至期末未恢复
IGF2007-12-124.74%-58.33%20.16%2008-01-02→2009-03-092014-03-27
VNQ2007-05-305.25%-70.56%29.51%2007-06-04→2009-03-062012-02-03
XLU2007-05-307.51%-46.48%19.16%2007-12-10→2009-03-092012-06-14
IFRA2018-04-0512.34%-41.06%21.08%2020-02-20→2020-03-232020-11-16
未纳入和数据失败记录
{
  "510300.SS": "Outside US-listed USD fund comparison: EQUITY",
  "510500.SS": "Outside US-listed USD fund comparison: EQUITY",
  "159915.SZ": "Outside US-listed USD fund comparison: EQUITY",
  "518880.SS": "Outside US-listed USD fund comparison: EQUITY",
  "511010.SS": "Outside US-listed USD fund comparison: EQUITY",
  "CNY=X": "Outside US-listed USD fund comparison: CURRENCY",
  "JPY=X": "Outside US-listed USD fund comparison: CURRENCY",
  "BTC-USD": "Outside US-listed USD fund comparison: CRYPTOCURRENCY",
  "ETH-USD": "Outside US-listed USD fund comparison: CRYPTOCURRENCY",
  "CPER": "Data audit failed: {\"symbols\": [\"CPER\"], \"start\": \"2011-11-15\", \"end\": \"2026-11-03\", \"sessions\": 3763, \"missing_or_unusable\": {\"CPER\": [\"2014-12-05\", \"2015-02-03\"]}, \"adjustment_residual_max_bps\": {\"CPER\": 0.0}}"
}

CPER历史缺口仍未填补,未进入回测;A股、外汇和加密现货未混入本轮美股基金的单币种比较。加密ETF可在描述表中出现,但没有纳入这套30/20/25/25配置。

轮换和动态加杠杆的规则

  1. 候选:XLU公用事业、VNQ地产、IGF基础设施、DBC广义商品。每月首个交易日,用前一交易日已知的过去252个交易日总回报,选出跑赢BIL最多的一个;没有则持有BIL。
  2. 每个基金必须有自己的完整回看历史,不能拼接上市前表现。BIL尚不具备252日历史时保留BIL;因此起始约一年处于准备阶段。IGF达到自己的回看长度后才允许参与。
  3. IEF、GLD以及当期持有的DBC,若此前252个收益观测对应窗口的最大回撤不超过10%,且波动低于同期SPY,才考虑加杠杆。倍数为SPY波动/该资产波动,最多2倍;组合目标总敞口最多160%,超出时按比例压缩新增借款。
  4. 每日检查版本使用同样滞后信号。当前持仓落后现金时切换;其他候选领先当前至少5个百分点时切换。保留月度再平衡,不是每天都交易。
  5. 组合收盘总敞口超过180%,下一交易日收盘降至各部分1倍,并保持到下一个月度调仓。该规则不是券商保证金模型,跳空或盘中强平无法被此回测保证避免。

动态月度方案的交易日持仓占比:DBC 23.7%、XLU 23.6%、VNQ 20.0%、BIL 18.5%、IGF 14.2%。所有信号只使用前一收盘前的信息,当天收盘成交,新仓位从之后的涨跌开始计收益。

行业候选名单本身仍是今天选择的,存在回溯选样与幸存者偏差;这不是真正样本外测试。未来AI的主题判断需要从正式记录判断的日期开始模拟,不能回头把历史赢家填进去。本轮没有声称验证了AI预测能力。

危机年份和敏感性

方案2008全年2020全年2022全年
原始永久组合,每月再平衡-0.46%16.55%-12.59%
新比例,变动25%固定公用事业-14.62%15.11%-8.07%
新比例,按月轮换,不加杠杆-17.37%7.90%-4.02%
新比例,按月轮换,非股票动态杠杆-15.19%9.78%-6.47%
新比例,每日检查轮换,动态杠杆-12.74%7.15%-6.47%

日历年收益不等于年内最大回撤;更细危机窗口及恢复时间在完整结果中。全部主规则预先固定;126日、回撤阈值5%/15%、杠杆上限1.5倍和季度复核只作敏感性,不因为某一参数更漂亮就修改主策略。

方案起点复合年化最大回撤年化波动最差滚动10年年化累计利息/美元
sensitivity-mom1262007-05-308.84%-20.86%10.39%4.65%26,424
sensitivity-dd052007-05-307.81%-28.35%10.25%5.03%10,167
sensitivity-dd152007-05-308.10%-27.87%10.55%5.15%28,317
sensitivity-cap1.52007-05-307.91%-27.87%10.30%4.95%12,497
sensitivity-quarterly2007-05-308.02%-31.44%10.37%5.09%21,701
sensitivity-funding0.0052007-05-308.17%-27.78%10.32%5.08%15,856
sensitivity-funding0.032007-05-307.69%-28.01%10.32%4.57%32,030
sensitivity-cost02007-05-308.08%-27.84%10.32%4.98%22,800
sensitivity-cost202007-05-307.69%-27.97%10.32%4.56%21,749
前后半段与不同入场日期的40组回溯检查
方案起点复合年化最大回撤年化波动最差滚动10年年化累计利息/美元
PP-monthly-half12007-05-305.73%-15.16%7.28%—0
PP-monthly-half22017-01-037.57%-17.51%7.59%—0
PP-monthly-entry20102010-01-046.76%-17.51%7.02%3.34%0
PP-monthly-entry20152015-01-026.56%-17.51%7.33%5.65%0
PP-monthly-entry20202020-01-027.14%-17.51%8.56%—0
new-fixed-BIL-half12007-05-305.22%-18.56%7.73%—0
new-fixed-BIL-half22017-01-038.74%-13.09%7.35%—0
new-fixed-BIL-entry20102010-01-047.23%-13.09%6.89%3.82%0
new-fixed-BIL-entry20152015-01-027.62%-13.09%7.05%6.83%0
new-fixed-BIL-entry20202020-01-028.96%-13.09%8.34%—0
new-fixed-XLU-half12007-05-306.62%-27.34%11.17%—0
new-fixed-XLU-half22017-01-0310.73%-19.41%10.56%—0
new-fixed-XLU-entry20102010-01-049.56%-19.41%9.79%6.25%0
new-fixed-XLU-entry20152015-01-029.49%-19.41%10.21%8.68%0
new-fixed-XLU-entry20202020-01-0210.47%-19.41%12.03%—0
new-fixed-VNQ-half12007-05-307.01%-35.32%14.86%—0
new-fixed-VNQ-half22017-01-039.70%-21.36%11.20%—0
new-fixed-VNQ-entry20102010-01-049.29%-21.36%10.64%5.42%0
new-fixed-VNQ-entry20152015-01-028.64%-21.36%10.78%7.73%0
new-fixed-VNQ-entry20202020-01-029.58%-21.36%12.72%—0
new-rotation-1x-half12007-05-305.89%-28.17%10.34%—0
new-rotation-1x-half22017-01-039.66%-19.41%10.16%—0
new-rotation-1x-entry20102010-01-048.71%-19.41%9.79%5.03%0
new-rotation-1x-entry20152015-01-028.32%-19.41%9.87%6.86%0
new-rotation-1x-entry20202020-01-0210.64%-19.41%11.38%—0
new-rotation-IEF2x-half12007-05-306.58%-27.87%10.28%—5,593
new-rotation-IEF2x-half22017-01-038.97%-18.47%10.46%—12,588
new-rotation-IEF2x-entry20102010-01-048.58%-18.47%9.97%4.67%25,082
new-rotation-IEF2x-entry20152015-01-027.73%-18.47%10.18%6.20%13,793
new-rotation-IEF2x-entry20202020-01-029.58%-18.47%11.72%—8,423
new-rotation-adaptive-half12007-05-306.53%-27.87%10.30%—5,331
new-rotation-adaptive-half22017-01-039.38%-18.61%10.35%—9,343
new-rotation-adaptive-entry20102010-01-048.79%-18.61%9.91%4.87%19,337
new-rotation-adaptive-entry20152015-01-028.06%-18.61%10.09%6.52%10,419
new-rotation-adaptive-entry20202020-01-0210.04%-18.61%11.50%—5,619
new-daily-adaptive-half12007-05-306.51%-25.55%10.26%—5,349
new-daily-adaptive-half22017-01-039.08%-17.27%10.01%—9,306
new-daily-adaptive-entry20102010-01-048.51%-17.27%9.69%4.90%19,014
new-daily-adaptive-entry20152015-01-027.75%-17.27%9.78%6.14%10,318
new-daily-adaptive-entry20202020-01-029.10%-17.27%11.12%—5,393

费用、数据和验收边界

美元名义税前收益;基金内部费用和已实现的期货展期效果包含在价格中,不重复扣除。外部交易成本按每次买卖金额5基点计算;借款按滞后有效联邦基金利率DFF加1.5个百分点,ACT/360,周末和节假日也计息。融资利差0.5和3个百分点另作敏感性,不是已取得的券商报价。未计个人税费、换汇、特定产品保证金和实际订单冲击;允许模拟碎股,不计末日强制清仓。

原始行情数据库保持原样。旧基金沿用已冻结快照,新基础设施/地产基金使用上一轮快照,统一截至2026-11-03。本轮不新增付费数据服务,也不把供应商历史当成已获完整独立认证的数据。

Windows完成13组主方案、9组分资产杠杆、9组敏感性和40组分段/入场检查;8项资金账本、时序、缺失数据、敞口限制测试通过。Linux以独立标准库实现重建了 21 组主方案及单资产方案的选择信号、杠杆、利息和逐日净值;原始月度基准与旧结果一致。另有固定新配置与原有独立引擎一致性检查。该验收属于历史研究计算,不是实盘或生产上线验收。

官方产品与融资资料(2026-11-05查阅):IEF中期国债 · XLU公用事业 · VNQ地产 · IGF基础设施 · SEC融资账户说明

保留与下载

完整计算结果 · 预设规则 · 旧成果校验清单 · Linux验算 · 旧报告及代码备份 · 本轮源码与复核输入

adaptive-research.sqlite3保留全部逐日净值、持仓敞口、利息、交易和信号;原行情数据库按保全清单保留原位。